A 64 year old obese female presents for a routine medication check. He diagnosis is hyperlipidemia with lab values: HDL 79 LDL 250 Trigycerides 210.
Explain Poiseuille Law and Ohm’s Law.
Is there an inverse relationship between HDL ad atherosclerosis? Explain.
Explain arteriosclerosis. | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT |
What do the individual lab values represent?
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Case Study For Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia is a condition in which the blood has too many lipids or fats such as cholesterol and triglycerides (Nelson, 2013).
Poiseuille Law and Ohm’s Law
These two laws explain the pressure gradient and possible resistance to flow. Poiseuille Law can be used to describe the flow of fluids in a catheter. The law posits that the rate of flow of a liquid is related to three main elements: the viscosity of the liquid, the pressure difference across the tube, and how long and wide the tubing is (length and diameter). The rate of flow of a fluid increases with increasing tube diameter. It follows therefore that the rate of fluid flow will increase with an increase in diameter of the IV catheter. On the viscosity of the liquid, its flow rate is indirectly proportional to the viscosity of the liquid. Increasing the viscosity reduces the flow rate of the fluid through the catheter. Increasing pressure maximizes the flow rate. Enhanced fluid flow can be attained through elevation of containers carrying the fluid (IV bags, using pressurized bags or pressurized infusion equipment (Parker et al, 2009).
On the other hand, Ohm’s Law shows the correlation existing between three factors: voltage, current, and resistance. The law posits that electricity passing through a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage and also directly proportional to the resistance of the | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | flow and pressure drop across a single vessel, further split into smaller elements, are related through generalized | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | law featuring a conductive parameter | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | of the vessel cross-section area | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | geometry, which undergo deformations under pressure loads (Song et al, 2001)
Relationship Between HDL and Atherosclerosis
There exists an inverse relationship between HDL and | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | range of HDL is preferred. HDL is a lipoprotein that | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | cholesterol from foam cells and transports them to the liver thereby limiting the inflammatory process that underlines atherosclerosis.
Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis is often the | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | pathology for diminished vessel patency. Atherosis is defined as the soft fatty deposits on the arterial lining. Arteriosclerosis is classified as a chronic inflammatory disease that causes | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | and hardening of the arterial wall. Arteriosclerosis would increase pressure gradients and decrease flow resistance.
Individual Lab Values
The patient’s values, HDL 79, LDL 250, and Triglycerides 210. The LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) 250 and Triglycerides 210 are abnormal and out of | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | cholesterol should be greater than or equivalent to 40mg/dl but less than 100mg/dl for males and greater than or equivalent to 50mg/dl but less than 100mg/dl for females. An HDL reading of 60mg/dl or higher is considered optimal.
High levels of HDL cholesterol can lower one’s risk for heart diseases and stroke. LDL, also called bad cholesterol should be equal to or less than 100mg/dl. Higher levels of LDL between 100-129mh/dl could be acceptable if the patient had no underlying health issue. LDL of | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | is abnormally high and makes the | GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | vulnerable to cardiac problems. Triglycerides should be equivalent to or lower than 150mg/dl. Higher amounts of LDL cholesterol raise ones’ risk of heart diseases and stroke (Nelson, 2013).
References
Nelson, R. H. (2013). Hyperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, 40(1), 195-211.
Parker, B. A., Trehearn, T. L., & Meendering, J. R. (2009). Pick your Poiseuille: Normalizing the shear stimulus in studies of flow-mediated dilation. Journal of Applied Physiology, 107(4), 1357-1359.
Song, P., Gombosi, T. I., & Ridley, A. J. (2001). Three‐fluid Ohm’s law. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 106(A5), 8149-8156.
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