ASSIGNMENT HELP | An Introduction to Clinical Inquiry and Research Methodologies

Learning Objectives

• Differentiate between quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method research methodologies
• Analyze the relationship between peer-reviewed articles and clinical issues
• Analyze research ethics related to clinical issues and peer-reviewed research
• Analyze the aims of research studies presented in peer-reviewed articles
• Analyze research methodologies described in peer-reviewed articles
• Analyze strengths, reliability, and validity of research methodologies in peer-reviewed research

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Learning Resources
Note: To access this module’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.
Required Readings
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
• Chapter 2, “Asking Compelling Clinical Questions” (pp. 33–54)
• Chapter 21, “Generating Evidence Through Quantitative and Qualitative Research” (pp. 607–653)
Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009). A typology of reviews: An analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Health Information and Libraries Journal, 26, 91–108. doi:10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x

Hoare, Z., & Hoe, J. (2013). Understanding quantitative research: Part 2. Nursing Standard, 27(18), 48–55. doi:10.7748/ns2013.01.27.18.48.c9488

Hoe, J., & Hoare, Z. (2012). Understanding quantitative research: Part 1. Nursing Standard, 27(15), 52–57. doi:10.7748/ns2012.12.27.15.52.c9485

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Document: Matrix Worksheet Template (Word Document)

Required Media

Centers for Research Quality. (2015a, August 13). Overview of qualitative research methods [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/IsAUNs-IoSQ

Centers for Research Quality. (2015b, August 13). Overview of quantitative research methods [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/cwU8as9ZNlA

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Review of research: Anatomy of a research study [Mutlimedia file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Schulich Library McGill. (2017, June 6). Types of reviews [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/5Rv9z7Mp4kg

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies
Is there a difference between “common practice” and “best practice”?
When you first went to work for your current organization, experienced colleagues may have shared with you details about processes and procedures. Perhaps you even attended an orientation session to brief you on these matters. As a “rookie,” you likely kept the nature of your questions to those with answers that would best help you perform your new role.
Over time and with experience, perhaps you recognized aspects of these processes and procedures that you wanted to question further. This is the realm of clinical inquiry.
Clinical inquiry is the practice of asking questions about clinical practice. To continuously improve patient care, all nurses should consistently use clinical inquiry to question why they are doing something the way they are doing it. Do they know why it is done this way, or is it just because we have always done it this way? Is it a common practice or a best practice?
In this Assignment, you will identify clinical areas of interest and inquiry and practice searching for research in support of maintaining or changing these practices. You will also analyze this research to compare research methodologies employed.

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To Prepare:
• Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry. Keep in mind that the clinical issue you identify for your research will stay the same for the entire course.
• Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least four different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles.
• Review the results of your peer-reviewed research and reflect on the process of using an unfiltered database to search for peer-reviewed research.
• Reflect on the types of research methodologies contained in the four relevant peer-reviewed articles you selected.

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Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies
After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following:
• The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.
• A brief (1-paragraph) statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest.
• A brief (1- to 2- paragraph) description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article.
• A brief (1-to 2- paragraph) description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.
• A brief (1- to 2-paragraph) description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected.

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Rubric

• Grid View
• List View
Excellent Good Fair Poor
Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies

After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following:

*The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.

*A brief statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest.

*A brief description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article.

*A brief description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.
The response accurately and clearly provides a full citation of each article in APA format.

The responses accurately and thoroughly explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including a detailed explanation of the ethics of research.

The responses accurately and clearly describe the aims of the research.

The responses accurately and clearly describe the research methodology used, and clearly identify the type of methodology used with specific and relevant examples.

The responses accurately and clearly describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including a detailed explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the articles selected.

The responses provide a complete, detailed, and specific synthesis of two outside resources related to the selection of articles and two or three course-specific resources. 72 (72%) – 80 (80%)
The response accurately provides a citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.

The responses accurately explain the selection of these peer-reviewed articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including an accurate explanation of ethics.

The responses accurately describe the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article.

The responses accurately describe the research methodology used and type of methodology used with some examples.

The responses accurately describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including an explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles selected.

The responses provide an accurate synthesis of at least one outside resource related to the selection of the peer-reviewed articles. The response integrates at least one outside resource and two or three course-specific resources. 63 (63%) – 71 (71%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely provides a citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.

The responses inaccurately or vaguely explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including the explanation of the ethics.

The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the aims of the research of each article.

The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the research methodology used and the type of methodology used, with only some examples.

The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including the explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the articles selected.

The responses provided vaguely or inaccurately synthesize outside resources related to the selection of the articles. The response minimally integrates resources that may support the responses provided. 0 (0%) – 62 (62%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely provides a citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format or is missing.

The responses inaccurately & vaguely explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue, including the explanation of ethics of research, or they are missing.

The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the aims of the research, or they are missing.

The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the research methodology used, the type of methodology used with no examples present, or they are missing.

The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the strengths of each of the methodologies used, including the explanation of the reliability and validity of the methodology, or they are missing.

The responses provide a vague and inaccurate synthesis of outside resources related to the selection of the articles and fail to integrate any resources to support the responses provided, or is missing.
Written Expression and Formatting—Paragraph Development and Organization:

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Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided, which delineates all required criteria. 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided, which delineates all required criteria. 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated but are brief and not descriptive. 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60–79% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic. 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity less than 60% of the time.

No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion is provided.
Written Expression and Formatting—English Writing Standards:

Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation. 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided, which delineates all required criteria. 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (one or two) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Contains several (three or four) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Contains many (five or more) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.

MODEL ANSWER

Matrix Worksheet Template

Use this document to complete Part 2 of the Module 2 Assessment, Evidence-Based Project, Part 1: An Introduction to Clinical Inquiry and Part 2: Research Methodologies

Clinical issue: Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Full citation of selected article	Article #1	Article #2	Article #3	Article #4
Brons, J. A., Bierman, A., White, R., Benner, K., Deng, L., & Rea, M. S. (2020). An assessment of a hybrid lighting system that employs ultraviolet-A for mitigating healthcare-associated infections in a newborn intensive care unit. Lighting Research & Technology, 1477153520904107.	Alrumi, N., Aghaalkurdi, M., Habib, H., Abed, S., & Böttcher, B. (2020). Infection control measures in neonatal units: Implementation of change in the Gaza-strip. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 33(20), 3490-3496.	Garzillo, C., Bagattini, M., Bogdanović, L., Di Popolo, A., Iula, V. D., Catania, M. R., Raimondi, F., Triassi, M., & Zarrilli, R. (2017). Risk factors for Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infection in a neonatal intensive care unit: a case-control study. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 43(1), 10.	Sarman, A., & Tuncay, S. (2020). Principles of approach to suspected or infected patients related Covid‐19 in newborn intensive care unit and pediatric intensive care unit. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.
Why you chose this article and/or how it relates to | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | research related to your clinical issue of interest)	I picked this article as it provides clearer understanding of the role of modern technology in the control and prevention | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | concept does not raise any ethical concern.	The article focuses on infection control by caregivers as well as the training and policies aimed at controlling/preventing spread of | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | to its precise approach to the clinical issue. The study did not raise any ethical issue.	My desire to use this article was motivated by the evidence-based approach employed by the researchers in an attempt to identify the risk factors for candida parapsilosis bloodstream infection | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | able to obtain a clean bill of health from Ethics committee of the Federico II University Hospital.	The fact that the study focuses on the effect of COVID-19 and infection in the NICU motivated my selection | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | in the healthcare sector the world over and therefore any relevant research is more than welcome. The study does not raise any serious ethical issue in relation to infection in NICU
Brief description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article	The study aimed to evaluate a hybrid lighting technology that could offer UV-A optical radiation as well as visible | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | way of cleaning and disinfecting NICU in an attempt to control infections.	The aim of the study was to analyze healthcare workers’ compliance with infection | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | control protocols, effects of infection control guidelines and education particularly in relation to NICU setting.	The research work sort to explore genotypic and phenotypic | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | underlying medical issue linked to the spread of C. parapsilosis in NICU in the Italian healthcare setting.	The research focused on examining the physical and mental health (MH) | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | and their families in NICU  and pediatric intensive care unit in relation to Covid‐19.
Brief description of the research methodology used Be sure to | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.	Quantitative research methodology was | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | samples assisted the researchers to analyze the study question.	The study involved qualitative | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | method was used to collect the required information.	Qualitative research methodology was used.	The study utilized qualitative research method to evaluate the effects of covid-19 in terms of physical and mental health of children and their families in NICU and the pediatric ICU.
A brief description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected.	The research methodology employed is reliable | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | of statistical tools improves the reliability of the study results.	The credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability aspects of the research makes it highly reliable and valid.	The methodology is credible and dependable which are key to a valid and reliable study.	Although the study methodology is reliable, the validity of the method is questionable given the various gaps in the implementation process.
General Notes/Comments	The researchers observed all the important aspects of a scientific research. However, I believe the researchers would have gone further to explore the limitations of the study results.	The study is systematic and logical. However, the researchers would have indicated the limitations of the study as well as future research questions relating to this particular study.	Everything looks perfectly okay. The study adhered most of the research principles which is commendable.	I believe the research could be improved by adhering to the various research principles such as problem statement and suitable literature review.