ASSIGNMENT : MicroRNA and Thyroid Cancer

outline:
*thyroid cancer
-incidence rate worldwide and in middle east
-etiology and risk factors
-available biomarkers
*miRNA
-definition, biogenesis and types
-physiological function
-effect of miRNA abnormalities (SNPs or
expression)
*miRNA in cancer
-types of miRNA abnormalities in cancer
-role of miRNA expression deregulation in
different cancer types
*miRNA in thyroid cancer
*miR-146b
*miR-7

SAMPLE SOLUTION

MicroRNA and Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid Cancer

Introduction

There are four different types of thyroid cancer that include anaplastic, papillar, follicular, and medullary (MTC). The disorder is among the most uncommon types of tumor and develops on the tissues of thyroid glands. This disease causes the cells to abnormally grow and if not treated or managed effectively, the disease can extend to other parts of the body. Symptoms of this disease include a swelling lump in the front of the neck. Other symptoms include development of hoarse voice, enlargement of lymph nodes and neck pain. In the united states, the disease is considered the third fastest rising tumor diagnosis. Estimates in the last decade revealed an annual increase of 3%, resulting in a doubling of incidence rate in 30 years. Similar patterns of increase have been reported in Kuwait, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan. Most people with thyroid cancer do well in life because the disease may be easily detected at an early stage and relevant treatment done, although it may reappear after some years of treatment. According to Pellegriti (2013) the cause of this type of cancer is yet to be known but just like other types of cancer, the changes in the DNA of…