ASSIGNMENT HELP | What other determinants of health contribute to the prevalence of hypertensive disease in this population?

Leon Case Study

Leon is an African American 55-year-old male. He is a non-smoker, is a nondrinker, and has a healthy weight for his height. On weekends, he coaches a youth baseball team in his community and loves to eat hot dogs and nachos with the children after they play. Leon attends a community health clinic to have a routine urinalysis and blood pressure monitoring. At his last visit, his blood pressure was 168/92 mm Hg. Although Leon was pleased that the lower number had dropped from 96 to 92, his physician was still concerned. He warned Leon about the dietary choices he was making and reminded him to limit his salt intake. He also renewed Leon’s prescription for diuretics and added an ACE inhibitor to Leon’s treatment regime.

| PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com |

Student Name:

Speculate how Leon’s ethnicity contributes to his hypertension. What other determinants of health contribute to the prevalence of hypertensive disease in this population?
What is the significance of an elevated systolic pressure, even in the absence of diastolic hypertension?
What is the mechanism of action of the two classes of drugs Leon was prescribed for the management of his hypertension?

MODEL ANSWER

Advanced Pathophysiology

Q1

            Leon is an African American and this race/ethnicity is known for having the highest | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | estimates that 5.6 million African Americans struggle | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | exhibit a higher prevalence and rate of cardiovascular risk aspects such as cigarette smoking, diabetes, obesity, and physical inability. The rate of prevalence contributes extensively to risks of death caused by heart disease, stroke, heart failure, end-stage renal disease, and chronic | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | studies demonstrate that among the population with hypertension; African Americans exhibit lower levels of renin than | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | that lower renin levels are termed as an impact from having excess amount and retention of salt. African Americans tend to be sensitive to sodium (salt), which implies a high intake of salt triggers increased | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | potentially contribute to this involve an increase in abnormalities or vasomotor function in vasodilation dependent on the endothelium.

Q2

           According to Mensah (2018), elevated systolic pressure increases work on the left ventricular, including the risk of hypertrophy on the | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | time, the diastolic blood pressure potentially compromises coronary blood flow. There is also an increase in demand for myocardial oxygen following an elevated systolic pressure; this also resulted in the failure of | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | that coronary perfusion is elevated during diastole, which implies that an elevated pulse pressure can result in a major stretch on the | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | results in the damaging of the elasticity of the vessel and potentially results in atherosclerosis, aneurysms, and thrombosis.

Q3

           To begin with, it will be important to learn about how blood pressure can be regulated or controlled | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | can be partly controlled by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system where renin converts angiotensinogen to | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | angiotensin I to Angiotensin II where the adrenal gland secretes aldosterone. Notably, this contributes to long-term blood pressure | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | case as it involves increasing the retention rate of salt and water by the kidneys.

Therefore, regulation in the long-term is done by kidneys, in addition to the kidneys’ role in the regulation of the extracellular volume of fluids. When the extracellular fluids are excess, the arterial pressure rises, and the body tends to have excess fluids when there is an increased intake of | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | will be forced to work hard to remove the | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | operate by reducing cardiac output and vascular volume. A reduction in vascular volume means the suppression of the renal absorption of salt, including an increase in the excretion of | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | mechanism involved with the reduction of blood pressure occurs when there is reduced resistance to the peripheral | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | of the ACE inhibitors is | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | to interfering with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone | PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW AT writtask.com | block the conversion of the angiotensin I and II enzyme. A reduction in the angiotensin II production, it lowers blood pressure, enhances natriuresis, and prevents smooth muscle remodeling. In turn, it reduces afterload and preload…