- Explain from a technical viewpoint why it is important to distinguish between a Method, Research, Approach, and Design. Next, briefly discuss how understanding each term individually in addition to how these terms interconnect is important for your understanding of the application of research designs.
- Discuss the importance of validity and research design. Next, choose one type of validity (internal, external, construct, or statistical conclusion) and discuss its relevance to experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental research.
- Control is an important element in any type of research. Considering experimental research, come up with a hypothetical research scenario and apply each of the five types of control to the scenario. Use specific examples to illustrate your point.
- There are various methods a researcher can use to assign participants to a condition. Choose two and provide a research scenario where this type of assignment technique would be beneficial.
- Comparison groups are one of the important elements to the scientific control of a research design. Choose one type of comparison group from the list provided in the book and expand upon how the inclusion of this type of comparison group would improve the overall validity of the findings.
- Identify a population and then a sample (subset) of that population. Next, identify the sample strategy you would have used to set apart that sample from the population.
- Discuss the three major conditions that must be met in order to establish cause and effect. Next, choose one of these conditions and come up with a scenario that would not allow a researcher to meet this condition. Why would this affect the overall validity of the findings?
- What are the major differences between quasi-experimental research and experimental research? Discuss a research scenario when quasi-experimental research is the only option. What techniques can be employed to strengthen the validity of the findings?
- Identify two of the major threats to internal validity of a pre- and posttest design. What is it about the design that makes these major threats?
- Explain the advantages or uses to including a pretest.
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