ESSAY : Corneal ulceration and hordeolum

You are expected to present your paper on Corneal ulcers and hordeolum,
but not limited to, the following items:
Pathophysiology
Epidemiology
Physical exam findings
Differential diagnoses and rationale
Management plan to include diagnostic testing, medications if applicable, follow-up plans and referrals if needed

Please use at least 3 current (2014-2017) references and include the doi with any journal reference.

SAMPLE SOLUTION

Eye Infections

Introduction

The eye is one of the body organs that are highly sensitive. Eye infections can cause serious challenges including partial and full blindness. Corneal ulcer and hordeolum are among the common diseases that affects the human eye.

Pathophysiology

Corneal epithelia shortcomings with underlying inflammation and the subsequent development of the necrosis of the cornea stroma constitute the main characteristics of corneal ulcers. The ulcers tend to clear with scar tissue, leading to cornea opacification and inefficient visual acuity. Cornea perforation with iris prolapse, uveitis, panophthalmitis, hypopyon and damage of the entire eye organ may arise without medical intervention and occasionally, even with the finest available treatment plan, mainly if the appropriate treatment is delayed. Deeper ulcers may lead to severe symptoms and complications (Farahani, Patel & Dwarakanathan, 2017).

Hordeolum, on the other hand, entails underlying meibomitis with thickening as well as stasis of gland excretions resulting in inspissation of the zeis. Histologically, hordeolum infection embodies the collection of necrotic debris and polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Epidemiology

In terms of prevalence, corneal ulcers and hordeola are not common infections in the United States and even globally. Nonetheless, adults report more cases of these infections than children. 

Physical Exam Findings Corneal ulcers are associated with a lot of pain sensory fibers in the corneal epithelium. The medical presentation of corneal ulceration is usually one-sided more so when it is related to trauma. Sometimes it can be bilateral when it is linked to hereditary diseases. The movements of the extra ocular must be observed while eliciting the reflex of…