ENGAGEMENT WITH ETHICAL THEORIES

ON ETHICAL EGOISM

1. Describe ethical egoism as consequentialist ethics, its justification in psychological egoism? Describe how human nature influenced the mind of ethical egoists?

2. Compare Thomas Hobbes vs Ayn Rand resolution to the conflict in this ethical theory?

ON UTILITARIANISM

3. Describe the meaning of utilitarianism as consequentialist ethics, its justification in the utility principle of human nature? Describe what is in human nature that influenced utilitarians to think as the basis for right or wrong?

4. Compare act utiliarianism vs rule utiliarianism? which one provides long term vs short term happiness. (Watch the video to understand the difference).

ON NATURAL LAW ETHICS BY AQUINAS

5. What is the Natural Law ethical theory? What is the foundation or ethical ground of this theory? Ethical grounding means –is man\’s nature as the basis for this theory? or is it God the creator as the basis for right or wrong?

6. Give at least two examples of moral issues that violate natural law ethical theory? Describe each and why is there a violation based on the ethical groundings?

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ON DUTY ETHICS BY KANT

7. What is Kant\’s Duty ethics as a deontological ethical theory? What is the basis or ethical grounding of this theory?

8. Describe the \”universality\” principle as the first maxim of this theory? What does it mean by being universal in my acting? (cf video on Categorical imperative crash course to understand this concept?)

ON VIRTUE ETHICS BY ARISTOTLE

9. What is the virtue ethics of Aristotle? Why is this also called \”character building\” moral theory different from other theories?

10. Explain the goal of this ethical theory, eudaimonia? How to achieve eudaimonia? Discuss \”arete\” as a way to eudaimonia? what does that mean in building ethical behavior?

SAMPLE SOLUTION

Engagement with Ethical Theories
On Ethical Egoism
Ethical egoism, as a consequentialist theory, is based on the consequences of an individual agent, and is considered to be important than other results. Egoism tends to prescribe actions that may be detrimental, beneficial, or neutral to others’ welfare. The theory is a justification of psychological egoism as it claims that everyone has nothing but ultimate goal – their welfare. Accordingly, the human nature influences the mind of ethical egoists by tapping on people’s emotions and behaviors, thus creating some form| GET AN EXPERT FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT | ethical theory, Thomas Hobbes resolution to conflict is based on attaining equality leading to conflict among people because of distrust, glory, and competition….